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Linux终端操作高效率快捷键(转)
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linux下读取eMMC信息
在/sys/devices/platform/6b030000.esdhc/mmc_host/mmc0/mmc0:0001/目录下可以读取到cid、csd、dsr、ocr、寄存器的值.
# mount -t debugfs none /sys/kernel/debug/ @xxx:/sys/kernel/debug/mmc0 # cat ios @xxx:/sys/kernel/debug/mmc0/mmc0:0001 # cat ext_csd 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当然这样看很难看，无法很快的确认寄存器中某些位的值。因此，网上就有个小哥写了个python脚本来解析这512字节的数据，以常人可以理解的格式进行解析。详见：https://blog.kylemanna.com/linux/parse-emmc-extended-csd-ecsd-registers-with-python/ 输出的格式如下：
victor @victor-HP:~/ work2/cal_time$ python analysis_ext_csd.py 0000: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0016: 39 03 00 c0 47 07 00 c0 47 07 00 00 00 00 00 00 0032: 00 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0048: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0a 00 00 01 0064: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0080: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0096: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0112: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0128: 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0144: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 90 0e 00 0160: 07 01 00 00 00 00 15 1f 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0176: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 01 00 09 00 00 00 00 0192: 08 00 02 00 57 1f 0a 0a ee ee 88 88 00 1e 0f 46 0208: 0f 78 14 01 00 c0 47 07 10 14 0a 0a 09 02 01 32 0224: 08 08 40 00 07 fd fb 55 01 00 64 0a ee ee ee 99 0240: 01 1e 02 00 00 00 00 32 0a 00 10 00 00 ee 01 00 0256: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 20 20 01 01 00 00 00 0272: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0288: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0304: 00 00 00 1f 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0320: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0336: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0352: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0368: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0384: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0400: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0416: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0432: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0448: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0464: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0480: 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 ff ff ff ff 00 00 01 03 00 0496: 7f 00 03 01 3f 3f 01 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 BOOT_SIZE_MULTI[226] = 0x20Python内容如下：
#!/usr/bin/env python """ Author: Kyle Manna <kyle@kylemanna.com> Blog: https://blog.kylemanna.com """ import binascii import re import sys def str2bytearray(s): if len(s) % 2: s = '0' + s reorder = True if reorder: r = [] i = 1 while i <= len(s): r.append(s[len(s) - i - 1]) r.append(s[len(s) - i]) i += 2 s = ''.join(r) out = binascii.unhexlify(s) return out if __name__ == '__main__': ecsd_str = '00000000000000000000000000000000390300c0470700c04707000000000000000101000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000a000001000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000900e00070100000000151f20000000000000000000000000000000010100090000000008000200571f0a0aeeee8888001e0f460f78140100c0470710140a0a090201320808400007fdfb550100640aeeeeee99011e0200000000320a00100000ee01000000000000000000012020010100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001f0100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001ffffffff00000103007f0003013f3f01010100000000000000' #ecsd_str = '320100' ecsd = str2bytearray(ecsd_str) csd_len = len(ecsd) line_len = 16 i = 0 while i < len(ecsd): sys.stdout.write("{0:04d}:\t".format(i)) for j in range(line_len): if (i < csd_len): sys.stdout.write("{0:=02x}".format(ord(ecsd[csd_len-i-1]))) i = i + 1 else: break if (j == (line_len - 1)): pass elif (i % 4): sys.stdout.write(" ") else: sys.stdout.write(" ") sys.stdout.write("\n") print "BOOT_SIZE_MULTI[226] = 0x{:x}".format(ord(ecsd[csd_len-168-1]))
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linux下带进度条copy
法1：coreutils工具（推荐）
让cp显示进度的工具，拷贝文件夹也是可以的
$ wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/coreutils/coreutils-9.1.tar.xz $ tar -xf coreutils-9.1.tar.xz $ cd coreutils-9.1/ $ curl -JLO https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jarun/advcpmv/master/advcpmv-0.9-9.1.patch $ patch -p1 -i advcpmv-0.9-9.1.patch $ export FORCE_UNSAFE_CONFIGURE=1 $ ./configure $ make $ sudo cp src/cp /usr/bin/cp $ sudo cp src/mv /usr/bin/mv # 用的时候要切换到root模式才行 # cp -r -g /root /home/ #（显示总大小、速度、剩余时间、不显示已拷贝大小，一般速度200kb/s）法2：rsync命令
$ rsync -av --progress /mnt /home # （显示拷贝速度、剩余时间、已拷贝大小、进度%，不显示总大小，一般速度为300kb/s）法3：cp -r -v 命令（推荐）
$ cp -rv 1113 1113_cr7_2法4：scp命令
只适用于远程两节点间拷贝
$ scp -r /mnt root@127.0.0.1:/home (拷贝文件夹要加参数 -r，拷贝文件不需要) #（显示拷贝速度、剩余时间、已拷贝大小、进度%，不显示总大小，一般速度为10M/s）法5: cp.sh脚本
# （显示速度、进度、不显示总大小、剩余时间、已拷贝大小，一般速度300kb-1M/s不等） # vi cp.sh #!/bin/bash trap 'exit_fun' 2 usage(){ echo "Usage: `basename $0` \"src file\" \"dst file\"" exit 1 } exit_fun(){ echo -e "\033[?25h" kill -9 $(ps -ef|awk '/ [c]p /{print $2}') &>/dev/null exit 1 } [ "$#" -ne "2" ] && usage [ -d "$2" ] && k=${2%%/}/`basename $1` || k=$2 fromsize=`ls -s $1|cut -d" " -f1` cp $1 $k & start=`date +%s` sleep 0.2 echo -ne "\033[?25l" while :;do tosize=`ls -s $k|cut -d" " -f1` x=`echo "$tosize $fromsize"|awk '{print int($1*100/$2)}'` [ $x -eq 99 ] && x=100 echo -n "[" for((i=0;i<x;i=$i+2));do echo -n "=";done echo -n ">" for((j=i;j<=99;j=$j+2));do echo -n " ";done now=$[`date +%s` - $start] [ $now -eq 0 ] && now=1 avg=$[$tosize/$now] printf "] %4s%% %4sKb/s" $i $avg [ $x -ge 100 ] && break sleep 0.1 echo -ne "\r" done echo -e "\033[?25h" :wq # chmod +x cp.sh # 示例： # ./cp.sh /mnt/a.tar.gz /home注： 不能拷贝文件夹，只能拷贝单个文件
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GMSL and GMSL2
转自
串行器 解串器 GMSL1 MAX96701/MAX96715 MAX9286 12bit DVP IN 1 SIO OUT@1.76Gbps 4IN 1OUT@MIPI 1.5Gbps GMSL1/2 兼容 MAX9295A MAX9296 MAX96722 4-MIPI IN 1 SIO OUT@6Gbps 2IN 2OUT@MIPI 2.5Gbps 4IN 1OUT@MIPI 2.5Gbps GMSL2 MAX96717/MAX96717F MAX96712 4-MIPI IN 1 SIO OUT@6Gbps/3Gbps 4IN 1OUT@MIPI 2.5Gbps ** GMSL的通信机理 **
（以下信息可以参考Serializer的手册，比如，MAX96705）
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图像传感器Image Sensor将捕获的光信号转为数字信号，经CSI2协议传输给串行器(MAX9295A), 传输内容包括:图像数据信息,像素时钟,行同步信号,帧同步信号，其中raw12表示摄像头的传输数据格式为原始数据raw格式,每个像素点有12bit数据，30fps表示每秒发送30张图像
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串行器接收到数据信息后，对信息进行串行化处理，将数据整理成包的形式，然后通过同轴电缆，将包以串行的形式发送出去，我们注意到在通过同轴电缆时，有两个方向的数据流传输，其中一个是前向通道，用于发送摄像头捕捉的图像数据，其带宽为6Gbps,还有一个为回馈通道，用以接收应答信息，带宽为187Mbps，这两个通道的传输速率是不一样的，可以根据实际需要进行设定，这也是GMSL的一大特色
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之后解串器会接收到串行器串行化的数据，对数据再进行解串，使数据回复至原来模样，然后将原始数据传给FPGA,这个一个定制电路板，一般图像处理器ISP模块会集成到里面，原始数据其实就是发送给了FPGA里面的ISP模块，在它里面对数据进行一些算法处理，最终输出RGB或者YUV格式
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图中是将处理好的数据发送给了LCD(液晶显示器),但在自动驾驶中，这个地方就会有些差异，ISP会将处理好的图像数据发送给FPGA里的AI芯片，通过卷积神经网络(CNN)对图像进行分类，检测，跟踪等等，然后根据实际情况，指挥FPGA中的MCU对底盘进行控制，以达到自动驾驶的目的
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安装Cygwin
Step 1. 下载
下载地址 官网
Step 2. 安装
双击安装包下载。
从Cygwin Mirror Sites选择国内镜像并添加，然后选择一个mirror进行安装：
安装 Devel -binutils、 gcc 、mingw 、gdb
Step 3. 使用
a5059726@RECH-0054891 /cygdrive/c $ cygcheck -c cygwin Cygwin Package Information Package Version Status cygwin 3.4.6-1 OKStep 4. 配置 将以下目录添加到环境变量：
C:\cygwin64\bin C:\cygwin64\sbina5059726@RECH-0054891 /cygdrive/c $ gcc --version gcc (GCC) 11.3.0 Copyright (C) 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. a5059726@RECH-0054891 /cygdrive/c $ make --version GNU Make 4.4 Built for x86_64-pc-cygwin Copyright (C) 1988-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html> This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.参考：
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Markdown更改文本背景颜色
"And here's to you, <span style="background-color:green">Mrs. Robinson</span>, Jesus loves you more than you will know."“And here’s to you, Mrs. Robinson, Jesus loves you more than you will know.”
